What Is PCI DSS Compliance? The Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) is a set of security standards designed to ensure that all companies that accept, process, store, or transmit credit card information maintain a secure environment. Created by the major card brands (Visa, Mastercard, American Express, Discover, JCB), PCI DSS helps protect cardholder data and reduce payment card fraud. PCI DSS compliance is mandatory for any business that handles cardholder data. Non-compliance can result in significant fines, increased transaction fees, loss of payment processing privileges, and damage to your reputation. Who Needs PCI DSS Compliance? PCI DSS applies to any organization that: Accepts credit or debit card payments Stores, processes, or transmits cardholder data Handles cardholder data in any form Uses third-party payment processors (you're still responsible for compliance) This includes businesses of all sizes, from small retailers to large enterprises, across all industries. The 12 PCI DSS Requirements PCI DSS version 4.0.1 consists of 12 core requirements organized into six goals: Goal 1: Build and Maintain a Secure Network Requirement 1: Install and maintain network security controls Protect your network with firewalls, routers, and other security controls. Define and document firewall rules, restrict access to cardholder data environments, and regularly review and update security configurations. Requirement 2: Apply secure configurations to all system components Change default passwords and security settings, remove unnecessary software and services, and implement secure system configurations following vendor recommendations and industry best practices. Goal 2: Protect Cardholder Data Requirement 3: Protect stored cardholder data If you must store cardholder data, protect it with encryption, hashing, or tokenization. Minimize data storage, implement data retention and disposal policies, and ensure sensitive authentication data is never stored. Requirement 4: Protect cardholder data with strong cryptography during transmission Encrypt cardholder data when transmitting across open, public networks. Use strong encryption protocols (TLS 1.2 or higher), never send cardholder data via unencrypted email or messaging, and verify certificate validity. Goal 3: Maintain a Vulnerability Management Program Requirement 5: Protect all systems and networks from malicious software Deploy and maintain anti-virus software on all systems commonly affected by malware. Keep anti-virus definitions current, perform regular scans, and ensure anti-virus cannot be disabled by unauthorized users. Requirement 6: Develop and maintain secure systems and software Develop secure applications and systems, apply security patches promptly, follow secure coding practices, and maintain an inventory of custom software and third-party components. Goal 4: Implement Strong Access Control Measures Requirement 7: Restrict access to cardholder data by business need to know Limit access to cardholder data to only those individuals whose job requires such access. Document access policies, review access rights regularly, and implement role-based access controls. Requirement 8: Identify users and authenticate access to system components Assign unique IDs to each person with computer access, use strong authentication methods (multi-factor authentication), and implement secure password policies. Requirement 9: Restrict physical access to cardholder data Control physical access to facilities and systems that store or process cardholder data. Use access controls, visitor logs, video surveillance, and secure storage for media containing cardholder data. Goal 5: Regularly Monitor and Test Networks Requirement 10: Log and monitor all access to network resources and cardholder data Implement logging mechanisms to track access to cardholder data, monitor logs regularly, and retain logs for at least one year. Logs should capture who, what, when, where, and how for all access. Requirement 11: Test security of systems and networks regularly Perform regular security testing including vulnerability scans, penetration testing, and network security assessments. Test after any significant changes and address identified vulnerabilities promptly. Goal 6: Maintain an Information Security Policy Requirement 12: Support information security with organizational policies and programs Maintain a comprehensive information security policy, assign responsibility for security, conduct security awareness training, and establish incident response procedures. PCI DSS Compliance Levels PCI DSS compliance requirements vary based on your transaction volume: Level 1 Merchants Merchants processing over 6 million card transactions annually: Annual on-site PCI assessment by a Qualified Security Assessor (QSA) Quarterly network scans by an Approved Scanning Vendor (ASV) Attestation of Compliance (AOC) form completion Level 2 Merchants Merchants processing 1-6 million card